Privacy-Aware Hierarchical Federated Learning (PA-HFL): A Secure Multi-Tier Aggregation using Differential Privacy and Homomorphic Encryption

Privacy-Aware Hierarchical Federated Learning (PA-HFL): A Secure Multi-Tier Aggregation using Differential Privacy and Homomorphic Encryption

Author's Name: Mohammed Nizar Faruk, Sivaneasan Bala Krishnan

Type: Article

ISSN/ISBN: 1005-0930

DOI Link: https://doie.org/10.10399/JBSE.2026872499

Journal Name: Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

Volume: 22

Issue: 1

Month: 01

Year: 2026

Date: 2026-01-07